Starfleet Operations is the original Starfleet organization founded in 2135 as a branch of the United Earth Space Probe Agency.  When Starfleet Operations was first created, the office held twenty members and had expanded to three hundred within its first three months of existence.  During this time, Starfleet Operations was located on the second floor of UESPA headquarters in Houston on Earth. In 2137, the Office of Starfleet Operations was relocated to Starfleet Headquarters in San Francisco, while at the same time establishing a UESPA Liaison Office to remain in Houston to coordinate UESPA-Starfleet affairs.

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In October 2137, Starfleet Operations underwent a major expansion and reorganization following the promotion of the Chief of Starfleet Operations (Dr. Thomas Nelson) to the rank of Rear Admiral.  At the same time, the position of Deputy Chief of Starfleet Operations was created in the rank of Commodore.  A further Commodore billet would be established three years later following a major expansion of the Office of Special Projects.